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UNITED STATES Q PATENT OFFICEy EDWIN T. LIGON, oF DEMoPoLIs, JALABAMA.

PUMP.

SPECIFIOATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 224,193, dated FebruaryV3,. 18:80.' V- Y Application filed April 8,1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN T. LIGON, of Demopolis, in the county ofMarengo and State of Alabama, havev invented a new and uset'ulImprovement in Pumps, ot' which the following is a specification. y

Figure l is a detail section of a portion ot a pump cylinder and pistoniillustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the cylinder.Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views ot' the piston, showing modifications ot'construction. l

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. v Y

The object of this invention is to furnish improvedpumps which shall besimple in construction, inexpensive in manufacture, strong, and durable,and which at thc same time shall be self-packing.- `y' The inventionconsists in pump cylinders and pistons formed of spirally-wound wires orstrips rmly soldered together, in pump-cylinders formed ofspirally-wound wires or strips` iirmly soldered together and havingmetal cast around their outer surfaces, and in pumppistons formed ofspirally-'wound strips or wires rmly soldered together and` havingstrips or wires, or strips and wires, wound spirally around their outersurfaces, as hereinafter fully described. Y

The cylinder is made by taking a rod of the requisite diameter, andwhich is made perfectly true, such as is made by the cold-rolledprocess, and winding around it spil-ally a wire or strip, A, of brass,or of steel or iron coated with tin or zinc, and. soldering it together,while in place, either by immersing lit in melted metal or in any' othersuitable and convenient manner. 'A

If additional strength is required, the wire iubeis placed in a moldsomewhat larger than the said wire tube, and the intermediate space islled with meltedmetal B. y

This construction may `also be applied with advantage to theconstruction of the cylinders of small engines, as it would dispensewith Inuch of the present costly lathe-work, and by using steel wire orstrips the cylinders would be much more durable than when made in theusual way. Y Y I The body of the piston may be formed of cable.

coiled wire or strips A, soldered together, or it may be cast, and hasstrips or wires G, or strips and wiresG, wound spirally around it.

Fig. l shows a piston with strips (l wound spirally around it. Fig.shows a pistou with wire U wound spirally around it; and Fig. 3 shows apiston with strips and wire C wound spirally around it, the wire beingof a greater diameter than the thickness of the strips', and beingplaced between the adjacent edges of :the said strips.

With this construction the spiral spaces between the wires or stripsdetain the water suiicently to cause it to'serve as a packing, thusmaking the pistons selfpacking and rendering the use of leather or otherpacking unnecessary.. p f

In case a cast piston-body be used, the

' spiral strips or wires should be turned true in a lathe, the surfaceof the said cast body, be-

tween the said spiral strips or wires, being left rough, to stillfurther retard the descent of i the water packing. l

. The valve is designed to be placed at the top of the piston,whichposition gives more room for the passage of the water.

wells, thebucket or piston'can be attached, by

Ineans of a small wire cable, to a wheel above, and by working the wheelbackward and forward the tube maybe filled with water, which may thenall be raised by winding up the said In this case the shape of the tubeand piston will keep the cable intact and prevent its nn winding.v

A small valve may be inserted in the side of the tube some twenty orthirty feet above the 'surface of the water, to admit air under the `1.Pump cylinders andl pistons formed of spirally-wouiid wires or strips A,tirmly soldered together, substantially as herein shown and described.

IOO

2.- Pump-cylinders formed of spirally-wound wires or strips A, firmlysoldered together, C wound spirally around their outer surfaces, andhaving metal B cast around their outer substantially us herein shown anddescribed. surfaces substantially as herein shown and descrbed. EDWIN'1. LIGON.

3. Pump-pistons formed of spirally-Wound Witnesses: strips or wires A,firmly soldered together, G. W. SANDUSKY, and having strips or Wires, orstrips and wires, E. I. WELL.i

